Hymenodictyon orixense (Roxb.) Mabb. - RUBIACEAE

Synonym : Hymenodictyon excelsum (Roxb.) Wall.

Vernacular names : Tamil: Vellai-kadambu, Kadappu, NirkadambamMalayalam: Vellakadamba, Itthilei, Malam kall, Nicham kadambu, PeruntholiEnglish: Kuthan

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Botanical descriptions Ecology Distribution Literature

Botanical descriptions :

Habit : Deciduous trees, up to 20 m tall.
Trunk\bark : Bark dark grey, fissured; blaze reddish.
Branchlets : Young branchlets terete, minutely pubescent.
Leaves : Leaves simple, opposite, decussate; stipule lanceolate, interpetiolar, caducous and leaving scar, glabrous; petiole ca. 1.2-2.2 cm long, planoconvex in cross section, glabrous; lamina 14.5-21 x 7.5-12.5 cm, broadly ovate to elliptic-ovate, apex acute to shortly acuminate, base acute-attenuate to truncate, margin entire, chartaceous, glabrous; midrib raised above; secondary_nerves ca. 10 pairs; tertiary_nerves broadly obliquely percurrent.
Flowers : Inflorescence axillary or terminal racemes; flowers subsessile.
Fruit& seed : Capsule, elliptic, pendulous, 2-valved; seeds many, narrowly winged.

Ecology :

Subcanopy trees in semi-evergreen forests up to 500 m.

Distribution :

Indomalaysia; in the Western_Ghats- throughout.

Literature :

Taxon 31: 66. 1982; Gamble, Fl. Madras 2: 589. 1993 (re. ed); Sasidharan, Biodiversity documentation for Kerala- Flowering Plants, part 6: 218. 2004; Almeida, Fl. Maharashtra 3:20. 2001; Cook, Fl. Bombay 1: 582. 1903.

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