Terminalia paniculata Roth - COMBRETACEAE

Vernacular names : Tamil: Ada maruthu, Peikadukai, Pekarakai, Pilla marudu, Pulvai, Pu marudu, Ven maruthu, Veda marudu  Malayalam:  Maruthu, Maruthi, Peimaruthu, Pemaruthu, Pemarutu, Pilemardu, Pillamarda, Pillai maruthu, Poomarda, Poomardu, Poomarida, Poomurda, Pulamarada, Pulla maruthu, Pullamarutu, Pumarda, Pumardu, Pumarutha, Pumarutu, Vella maruthu, Vemmaruthu, Ven maruthu  Kannada: Hanalu, Honal, Hongal, Honagalu, Honalu, Hulive,Huluvemara, Hunagalu, Maruva, Matti, Ulvi

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Botanical descriptions Ecology Distribution Literatures

Botanical descriptions :

Habit : Large trees, up to 20 m tall.
Trunk & Bark : Bark brown with shallow fissures; blaze whitish with brown grains.
Branches and Branchlets : Branchlets terete, young parts rusty tomentose.
Leaves : Leaves usually subopposite or upper ones alternate; petiole 0.6 - 1.7 cm long, subterete, subglabrous; lamina 9-18 x 4.5-7 cm, oblong or ovate-oblong, apex acuminate, base rounded to cordate, coriaceous, slightly silky pubescent on both surface, glabrous when mature, coriaceous, black above when dry; midrib thinly raised above; secondary_nerves 10-15 pairs, gradually curved; tertiary_nerves slender reticulo-percurrent; sessile glands in pair at the junction of petiole and midrib beneath.
Inflorescence / Flower : Inflorescence panicled spikes; flowers pale white.
Fruit and Seed : Samara, brownish red, unequally winged, middle wing larger, 1-seeded.

Ecology :

Along margin or in the openings of evergreen and semi-evergreen forests, up to 1200 m.

Distribution :

Peninsular India; in the Western_Ghats- throughout.

Literatures :

Nov. Pl. Sp. 383. 1821; Gamble, Fl. Madras 1: 465. 1997 (re. ed); Sasidharan, Biodiversity documentation for Kerala- Flowering Plants, part 6: 172. 2004; Cook, Fl. Bombay 1: 480. 1902; Saldanha, Fl. Karnataka 2: 51. 1996.

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