Bischofia javanica Bl. - EUPHORBIACEAE

Vernacular names : Tamil: Milachityan,Thondi.  Malayalam: Cholavengai, Thirippu.  Kannada: Gobra nerale, Neeli mara.

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Botanical descriptions Ecology Distribution Literatures

Botanical descriptions :

Habit : Large deciduous tree, up to 30 m tall.
Trunk & Bark : Bark brownish, smooth or flaky when old; blaze pink.
Branches and Branchlets : Branchlets terete, glabrous.
Exudates : Cut end of bark with sticky red sap.
Leaves : Leaves compound, trifoliate, alternate, spiral; stipule to 0.6 cm long, linear lanceolate, caducous; rachis 5-15.5 cm long, pulvinate at base, terete, glabrous; petiolule of side leaflets to 1 cm long, middle one to 3.5 cm long; leaflets elliptic to broadly elliptic, usually middle leaflet slightly larger, 7.5-13 x 3.5-9 cm, apex caudate or caudate-acuminate, base acute to rounded, margin crenate, coriaceous; secondary_nerves 5-7 pairs, forked with glabrous domatia in axils; tertiary_nerves reticulo-percurrent, not prominent.
Inflorescence / Flower : Inflorescence axillary panicles; flowers unisexual, dioecious, green.
Fruit and Seed : Berry, globose, 1.3 cm across; seeds 6-8, oblong, trigonous.

Ecology :

Canopy trees in evergreen to semi-evergreen forests particularly along streams up to 1300 m.

Distribution :

Indomalaysia; throughout the Western_Ghats.

Literatures :

Bijdr. 1168. 1826-1827; Gamble, Fl. Madras 2: 1312. 1993 (re. ed); Sasidharan, Biodiversity documentation for Kerala- Flowering Plants, part 6: 410. 2004; Saldanha, Fl. Karnataka 2: 119. 1996.

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