Elaeocarpus serratus L. - ELAEOCARPACEAE

Vernacular names : Tamil: Karai, Karamaram, Olan karai, Ulang karei, Uttraccham  Malayalam: Avi, Avil, Karamavu, Nalla kara, Perinkara, Perunkara, Rudraksham, Valiya karai  Kannada: Athakunge, Beegada mara, Beejada mara

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Botanical descriptions Ecology Distribution Literatures

Botanical descriptions :

Habit : Trees up to 18 m tall.
Trunk & Bark : Bark brownish, smooth; blaze orange red.
Branches and Branchlets : Branchlets terete, glabrous, with scars of fallen leaves.
Leaves : Leaves simple, alternate, spiral, clustered at twig ends; stipules small, lanceolate, caducous; petiole 1.2-4 cm long, swollen at both ends, planoconvex, glabrous, with subulate appendage at the junction of lamina; lamina 5.5-12.5 x 2.5-5 cm, elliptic, apex acuminate with blunt tip, base acute, margin serrate, chartaceous, glabrous, red when senescent; midrib slightly raised above; secondary_nerves 5-9 pairs, branched with glabrous domatia at axils beneath; tertiary_nerves reticulo-percurrent; higher order reticulation slender, minute.
Inflorescence / Flower : Inflorescence racemes; flower petals white, laciniate, anthers ciliate.
Fruit and Seed : Drupe, oblong or ovoid to 2.5 cm long; seeds 3-4.

Ecology :

Subcanopy tree in evergreen to semi-evergreen forests up to 1600 m.

Distribution :

Indomalaysia; in the Western_Ghats- South and Central Sahyadris.

Literatures :

Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 515. 1753; Gamble, Fl. Madras 1: 124. 1997 (re. ed); Sasidharan, Biodiversity documentation for Kerala- Flowering Plants, part 6: 64. 2004; Saldanha, Fl. Karnataka 1: 212. 1996.

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